How to choose an S&P 500 ETF
Putting money in the S&P 500 is popular among those who want to start investing as well as experienced investors.
The S&P 500 is an index that tracks the performance of 500 of the largest companies in the United States, and is therefore one of the most effective proxies for the US stock market.
If you put your money in the index, you are effectively backing large US companies to continue to perform and grow in the future. Historically, this has brought about large returns.
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Between 1 January 2000 and 1 January 2026, the S&P 500 increased by around 386%, and in the year to 17 August 2026 alone, the index rose by around 20%.
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Given the index’s historically strong performance, it’s a popular one for people to track – often using an exchange-traded fund (ETF).
ETFs are one of the “the simplest ways to start investing,” says Kate Marshall, investment analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown.
“They can offer a great entry point into investing because they provide exposure to a diversified mix of investments, such as shares or bonds, rather than relying on the fortunes of a single company or asset. This helps to spread risk and can smooth some of the ups and downs that come with investing.”
But with so many options, how do you choose the one that’s right for you?
What are the most popular ETFs that track the S&P 500?
The most popular S&P 500 ETF is the Vanguard S&P 500 UCITS ETF USD ACC (GBP), according to Hargreaves Lansdown.
That title has several components, each of which says something about the ETF:
- Vanguard is the name of the company that issues the ETF and S&P 500 refers to the index the ETF tracks.
- UCTIS stands for “Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities”, a regulatory framework that governs how ETFs in the UK and European Union operate. It effectively means the fund can be sold to UK and European investors.
- USD refers to the base currency of the ETF – in this case US dollars. Some ETFs hedge against the possible impact of currency fluctuations between their holdings’ domestic currencies and another currency.
- ACC means the fund accumulates and reinvests dividends.
- (GBP) at the end refers to the trading currency of the fund. As this particular ETF is listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE), you can buy and sell it in British pounds, meaning you do not need to manually convert currency.
This particular fund is listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) with the ticker “VUAG”.
The second-most popular ETF on Hargreaves Lansdown’s list is also from Vanguard – it is nearly identical to the one detailed above, but the only difference is that this one distributes your dividends. It trades on the LSE with the ticker “VUSA”.
A list of the top ten most popular S&P 500 ETFs among Hargreaves Lansdown’s investors can be found below.
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Vanguard Funds – S&P 500 UCITS ETF USD ACC (GBP) |
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Vanguard Funds – S&P 500 UCITS ETF USD(GBP) |
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iShares VII – Core S&P 500 UCITS ETF Acc (GBP) |
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iShares S&P 500 UCITS ETF (Dist) |
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HSBC ETFs plc – S&P 500 UCITS ETF (GBP) |
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Invesco Markets plc – S&P 500 UCITS ETF A GBP |
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iShares V – S&P 500 GBP Hedged UCITS ETF (Acc) |
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SPDR – S&P 500 UCITS ETF (GBP) |
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Invesco Markets – S&P 500 UCITS ETF GBP Hdg Acc iShares V – S&P 500 GBP Hedged UCITS ETF (Acc) |
Source: Hargreaves Lansdown, 31 July
How much does an S&P 500 ETF cost?
When comparing S&P 500 ETFs, one of your biggest considerations should be the fund’s fees as they can eat into your returns.
The main one is the expense ratio, an annual fee charged by the fund provider for managing the fund. These are typically levied as a percentage of your holding in the fund.
For example, VUAG has an expense ratio of 0.07% which is relatively low. In contrast, HSBC’s S&P 500 ETF has slightly higher fees of 0.09%.
That means that while both ETFs track the performance of the same basket of companies, you will pay higher fees with HSBC.
You should also look out for other types of general fees involved with investing, like platform fees. These are also usually levied as a percentage by the platform you use to make your investments.
Should I pick an accumulating or distributing ETF?
ETFs often have two variants: accumulating (ACC) or distributing (Dist).
The two labels refer to dividends – payments some companies make to investors – and what happens to them when they are paid out.
An accumulating ETF will automatically reinvest dividends back into the fund. This has the benefit of adding more money directly into your investments, meaning your position may grow faster.
Meanwhile, a distributing ETF will pay dividends into a bank account of your choice to do whatever you want with.
Which ETF to pick will depend on your priorities. Afolabi Thomas, equity specialist, Vanguard said: “Investors focused on long-term growth may prefer accumulation shares, while those looking for an income stream may prefer distribution shares.”
One rule of thumb is the further you are away from retirement, the more likely an accumulation fund is right for you, as they allow your investments to grow faster.
“A distribution fund might suit someone who wants their investments to provide a regular income, which could become more relevant as they approach or enter retirement”, Lynn Hutchinson, head of ETF and Index Solutions at wealth manager Raymond James added.
“Though it doesn’t have to be a case of accumulation for younger investors and income for retirees. It really comes down to what you want the income to do. Someone in retirement could quite happily continue using accumulation funds and sell some of their investment when they need cash. Likewise, an investor who is still building their portfolio might prefer to receive the income”.
Why does performance differ between ETFs if they all track the S&P 500?
The performance of S&P 500 ETFs can vary slightly from one another.
This is known as tracking difference. Marshall explains: “Tracking difference shows how much an ETF has outperformed or underperformed its benchmark over a given period and is often the more important measure for investors, as it reflects the return they have actually received.”
There are many reasons an ETF may lag its benchmark, like fees, tax rates or securities lending (where the ETF issuer lends holdings out in exchange for a fee).
“Tracking difference gives you a broader view of what actually happened to the ETF’s return once the various costs – and potential benefits – of running the ETF came into play,” said Hutchinson.
“That doesn’t mean fees aren’t important, they are. But when comparing two ETFs tracking the same index, looking at the OCF alone only tells part of the story. Looking at cost alongside historical tracking difference can give a much better idea of how efficiently an ETF has actually done its job: tracking the index.”
